Summer Definition
summer
Wikipedia has an article on:
Summer
See also Summer
English
Pronunciation
- (UK): IPA: /ˈsʌmə(ɹ)/, SAMPA: /"sVm@(r)/
- Rhymes: -ʌmə(r)
- (US): enPR: sŭmʹər, IPA: /ˈsʌmɚ/, SAMPA: /"sVm@`/
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Etymology 1
Old English sumor, from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz (compare Dutch zomer, German Sommer, Old Norse sumar), from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥H- (compare Welsh ham, haf 'summer', Armenian ամ (am, “year”), ամառ (amaṙ, “summer”), Avestan hama 'in summer', Sanskrit समा (samā) 'half-year, year').
Noun
summer (plural summers)
- One of four seasons, traditionally the second, marked by the longest and typically hottest days of the year due to the inclination of the Earth and thermal lag. Typically regarded as being from June 21 to September 20 in parts of the USA, and the months of December, January and February in the Southern Hemisphere.
- the heat of summer
Usage notes
- Note that season names are usually spelled in all lowercase letters in English. This is contrast to the days of the week and months of the year, which are always spelled with a capitalized first letter, for example Thursday or September.
Antonyms
Derived terms
terms derived from the noun
summer
- aftersummer
- All-Hallown Summer
- dog days of summer
- go-summer
- Great Summer Army
- have but a mile to midsummer
- high summer
- Hutchinson's summer prurigo, summer prurigo of Hutchinson
- Indian summer
- little summer of St Luke
- Martinmas summer
- midsummer
- net summer capability
- nuclear summer
- old wives' summer
- polar mesospheric summer echoes
- Red Summer
- Revolution Summer
- Russian spring-summer encephalitis
- Saint Luke's little summer, Saint Luke's summer, St Luke's little summer, St Luke's summer
- Saint Martin's summer, St Martin's summer
- snow-in-summer
- summer-ale
- summer and winter
- summer annual
- Summer Archbishop's Palace, Summer Archiepiscopal Palace
- summer associate
- summer asthma
- summer-barm
- summer bird
- summer bleeding
- summer-blink
- summer boarder
- summer break
- summer-broach
- summer camp
- summer capital
- summer catarrh
- summercater
- summer cholera
- summer-cloud
- Summer Coast
- summer cock
- summer cohosh
- summer cold
- summer colony
- summer colt, summer-colt
- summer complaint
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- Summercon
- summer coot
- summer cottage
- summer country
- summer crookneck
- summer cypress
- summer damask rose
- summer-day
- summer diarrhea, summer diarrhoea
- summer-dream
- summer duck
- summer-eat
- summer eggs
- summer encephalitis
- summer fallow, summer-fallow
- summer-fallowing
- Summerfest
- summer fever
- summer-field
- summer finch
- summer floor
- summer flounder
- summer-fold
- summer fool
- summer fruit tortrix moth
- summerful
- summer-game
- Summer Games
- Summer Garden
- summer-gauze, summer-goose
- summer grape
- summer grass
- summer hall
- summer haw
- summerhead
- summer-heat
- summer hemp
- summer-herring
- summer hit
- summer holiday
- summer holidays
- summer house, summer-house, summerhouse
- summer-hutch
- summer hyacinth
- summerish
- summerise, summerize
- Summer Isles
- summer itch
- summer kill
- summer kitchen
- summer lady
- Summerland
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- summer-land, summerland
- summerlay
- summer lea-land
- summer learning loss
- summer-lease
- summer-leding
- summerless
- summer lightning
- summer-like, summerlike
- summerling
- summer-long, summerlong
- summer-lord
- summerly
- summer master
- summer mastitis
- summer meal
- summer migrant
- summer monsoon
- summer number
- Summer of Hate
- Summer of Love
- Summer of Three Popes
- Summer Olympic Games
- summer-ova
- Summer Palace
- Summer Paralympics
- summer parlour
- summer pole
- summer pruning
- summer prurigo
- summer pudding
- summer queen, summer's queen
- summer queening
- summer range
- summer rape
- summer rash
- summer reading program
- summer red-bird, summer redbird
- summer redcap
- summer resort
- summer-ripe
- summer road
- summer roll
- summer-room
- summer rose
- summer rules
- summer-run fish
- summers
- summer sale
- summer sausage
- summer savory
- summer's bird
- summer school
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- summer's cloud
- summer's day
- summer season
- summer-seeming
- summer services
- summer sheldrake
- summer slide
- summer smog
- summer snake
- summer snipe
- summer snowflake
- summer-sob
- summer solstice
- summer sores
- summer soup
- summer spore
- summer spot
- summer squash, summer squash vine
- summer's tide
- summer's time
- summer-stirring
- summer stock
- summer sweet, summer-sweet
- summer tanager
- summer teal
- summer term
- summer theater, summer theatre
- summer-tide, summertide
- summer-tilth
- summer time
- summer-time, summertime
- summer top
- summer tree
- the Summer Triangle
- summer tulip
- summer vacation
- summer village
- summer visitor
- summerward, summerwards
- summer warbler
- summer-weight
- summer wheat
- summer-whiting
- summer wood, summerwood
- summer-work
- summer-worm
- summery
- summer-yellow
- summer yellowbird
- unsummered
- winter and summer
- the Year Without a Summer
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Translations
hottest season
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- Latvian: vasara (lv) f.
- Lithuanian: vasara (lt) f.
- Lower Sorbian: lěto n.
- Luxembourgish: Summer (lb) m.
- Macedonian: лето (mk) (léto) n.
- Malay: musim panas (ms)
- Malayalam: വേനല്ക്കാലം (vEnalkkaalam)
- Maltese: sajf (mt)
- Maori: raumati
- Mongolian: зун (mn) (zun)
- Navajo: shį́
- Norwegian: sommer (no)
- Nynorsk: sommar (no), sumar (nn)
- Occitan: estiu (oc) m.
- Old Church Slavonic: лѣто (lěto) n.
- Old English: sumor (ang) m.
- Old French: esté m.
- Old Norse: sumarr m.
- Persian: تابستان (fa) (tâbestân), هامین (fa) (hâmin)
- Polish: lato (pl) n.
- Portuguese: verão (pt) m.
- Quechua: ruphay killa (qu)
- Romanian: vară (ro) f.
- Romansch: stad (rm) m.
- Russian: лето (ru) (léto) n.
- Sami:
- Northern: geassi
- Sanskrit: ऊष्ण (sa) (ūṣṇa)
- Scots: simmer
- Scottish Gaelic: samhradh m.
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: лето (sh) n., љето (sh) n.
- Roman: leto (sh) n., ljeto (sh) n.
- Sinhalese: ගිම්හාන ඍතුව (si) (gimhāna r̥tūva)
- Slovak: leto (sk) n.
- Slovene: poletje (sl) n.
- Spanish: verano (es) m.
- Swahili: kiangazi (sw), majira ya joto (sw), kipindi cha kiangazi (sw)
- Swedish: sommar (sv)
- Tagalog: (hot season) tag-init (tl), (sunny season) tag-araw (tl)
- Tajik: тобистон (tg) (tobiston)
- Taos: pȉléna
- Telugu: వేసవి (vaesavi), ఎండాకాలం (eMDaakaalaM)
- Thai: ฤดูร้อน (th) (réu-doo rón), เดือนร้อน (th) (deuan rón), ความเดือนร้อน (th) (kwaam deuan rón), หน้าร้อน (th) (nâa rón)
- Tibetan: དབྱར་ཀ (dbyara. ka)
- Turkish: yaz (tr)
- Ukrainian: літо (uk) (líto) n.
- Upper Sorbian: lěto n.
- Urdu: گرمی (ur) (garmī) f., گریشم (ur) (grīśm) m., گرما (ur) (garmā) f., صيف (ur) (ṣaif) m.
- Uyghur: ياز (ug)
- Uzbek: yoz (uz)
- Vietnamese: mùa hè (vi), mùa hạ (vi) (務夏 (vi)), hạ (vi) (夏 (vi))
- Volapük: hitüp (vo)
- Warlpiri: wanta
- Welsh: haf (cy)
- West Frisian: simmer
- Yiddish: זומער (yi) (zúmer) m.
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Verb
summer (third-person singular simple present summers, present participle summering, simple past and past participle summered)
- (intransitive) To spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday.
- We like to summer in the Mediterranean.
Derived terms
terms derived from summer (verb)
Translations
spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday
- Catalan: estiuejar (ca)
- Croatian: ljȅtovati (hr)
- Finnish: viettää kesää
- Greek: παραθερίζω (el) (paratherízo), ξεκαλοκαιριάζω (el) (xekalokairiázo)
- Hungarian: nyaral (hu)
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- Macedonian: летува (mk) (létuva)
- Russian: проводить лето (ru)
- Serbian: letovati
- Spanish: veranear (es)
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See also
Etymology 2
From Anglo-Norman somer, sumer, from Vulgar Latin saumārius, for Latin sagmārius, from sagma (“sum”).
Noun
summer (plural summers)
- (obsolete) A pack-horse.
- A horizontal beam supporting a building.
- 1603, John Florio, trans. Michel de Montaigne, Essays, I.43:
- And we are warned, that the foundation or maine summers of our houses faile and shrinke, when we see the quarters bend, or wals to breake.
Synonyms
- (horizontal beam): summer-tree
Translations
a horizontal beam supporting a building
- Russian: балка (ru) f., брус (ru) m., перекладина (ru) f.
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Derived terms
- breastsommer, breastsummer, bressomer, bressumer, bressummer, brestsummer
- summer bar
- summer-beam
- summer-castle
- summering
- summer-piece
- summer-stone
- summer-tower
- summer-tree, summertree
- summer-trestle
- transsummer
Etymology 3
sum + -er
Noun
summer (plural summers)
- A person who sums.
Derived terms
Statistics
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